Unani treatment originated from Greece (Unan). It aims to aid body's natural processes with medicines that have no side effects. Unani is known by many different names, Greco-Arabs medicine, Arab medicine, Ionian medicine and Oriental medicine. According to Unani system, diseases are natural processes and the symptoms are body's reaction to them. Human body has self-preservation power (Quwwat-e-Mudabbira) that maintains the balance of these humours. Unani treatment facilitates body to regain or strengthen this balance. It follows the humoural theory that postulates presence of four humors in the body namely; • Blood (Dum). • Phlegm (balgham). • Yellow bile (safra). • Sauda (black bile).
How is Unani system of medicine practiced?
Unani or unanipathy is practiced by diagnosing the patient through various examinations like checking the pulse, conducting urine and blood test. As unanipathy deals with the balance in the internal, external surroundings and ecological system of a person, it deals with not only curing and healing the body disease, but also focuses on restoring the complete health condition of the person. And thus it also inquires about the diet, sleeping and activity patterns of the person for getting a deep knowledge of the disease and its causes. In Unanipathy features like signs, symptoms, temperature etc are the important things to be taken care of while diagnosing.The diagnostic skills required by a practitioner of Unani medicine are quite subtle, so studying the style of pulse analysis used by the Hakims is very helpful for practitioners of other Oriental medicines. As with many of the Oriental systems, practitioners are taught to focus on the patient and their particular manifestations of disease. Questioning, palpation, and observation are the three modalities utilized to investigate the nature of the imbalance. As with Tibetan and Chinese theories of disorder, the body in health is hypothesized to be in a dynamic equilibrium, and disorders arise when environmental or intrinsic factors influence a shift out of that equilibrium. The qualities of the blood, complexion, and body substance which need to be analyzed by Unani physicians is quite sophisticated and comparable to the highest levels of physical diagnosis taught in the West.
Unani medicine, also called Unani tibb, Arabian medicine, or Islamic medicine, a traditional system of healing and health maintenance observed in South Asia. The origins of Unani medicine are found in the doctrines of the ancient Greek physicians Hippocrates and Galen. As a field, it was later developed and refined through systematic experiment by the Arabs, most prominently by Muslim scholar-physician Avicenna. During the Caliphate (the political-religious Muslim state that began in 632 CE), the bulk of Greek knowledge was translated into Arabic, part of that knowledge being the principles of medicine. With additional contributions of medical wisdom from other parts of the Middle East and South Asia, Unani medicine came to be known also as Arabian, or Islamic, medicine.
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Ancient physicians of unani system were considered to be pioneer in the field. However, at present only minor surgery is in vogue in this systemClassical diagnosis in Unani system is based on examination of pulse, stool and urine in addition to routine physical checkup.Modes of treatment. The initial approach to treatment in the Unani system entails the establishment of a regimen to normalize and balance the external factors (e.g., air, water, and food) involved in ailments and diseases. If this proves inadequate, then other means, such as treatment with natural medicines, may be recommended. Any Unani treatment prescribed by a hakim acts as an outside agent to help boost the patient's tabiyat and thus restore good health and a sense of well-being. There are various therapeutic approaches available to the hakim. Ilaj-bi-ghiza, or dietotherapy, involves recommending a specific diet, which is the simplest and most natural course of treatment by a hakim. For fever, for example, Unani medicine stresses a nutrient-rich, low-roughage diet that might include dalia (porridge) and kheer (a milk broth). Both the amount and quality of food are taken into consideration. Relatively infrequent in modern Unani therapy is ilaj-bi-misla, or organotherapy, a mode of treatment that involves healing a diseased organ with the use of tissue extracts from the same organ of a healthy animal. Ilaj-bi-dawa, or pharmacotherapy, is the use of medicines by Unani hakims. This treatment method is considered by hakims to be natural, eco-friendly, and less intrusive and more effective than many other methods. The Unani system's pharmacopoeia is vast, enriched with more than 2,000 medicines derived from various herbal, mineral, and animal sources. Unani medications are often processed by classical methods of preparation as originally described in Greco-Arabic medicine. Unani medicines are used singly or are compounded with other substances to achieve synergistic, antagonistic, or detoxifying effects or simply as bases for effective ingestion and assimilation.